As stated earlier, the patient makes the first diagnosis. It is the
doctor’s job to determine whether the palpitations are normal and require
no treatment or abnormal in which case appropriate treatment can be
given.
The frequency and duration of the attacks can be relevant and a
description of the patient’s sensations with the palpitations aids the
doctor.
Most doctors will perform some simple tests to determine the type
of palpitations.
1. ECG.-A cardiograph will often give the diagnosis but is only of
help if the palpitations are in progress when the tracing is done.
2. Blood tests. -These are done to exclude some chemical causes,
e.g., thyroid overactivity or anaemia.
3. Tape. -An ECG tape recorder for 24-hour recording or for the
patient to operate when the palpitations occur, can be used to capture the
rhythm. This is usually done in special centres.
TREATMENT
Palpitations are very frightening and many patients believe that their
‘end is nigh’ and the condition is potentially fatal. As explained, some
arrhythmias are potentially dangerous but most are not and reassurance is
the most important form of treatment.
It may be helpful to avoid some precipitating factors such as
smoking, coffee, tea, alcohol, and some common over the counter’ cold
remedies.
Persistently troublesome palpitations may require drug therapy;
such drugs are known as anti-arrhythmic drugs. All of these drugs are
specific for a particular type of palpitation and, therefore, are chosen
with care as the patient may need to take them for many years.
Follow-up visits to your doctor will determine the need to
continue treatment or whether it should be changed in view of
advances in medical knowledge.